Substrate specificity of members of the genus Xylaria (Ascomycota) (Z_Myk_2005-02) Xylaria hypoxylon, the type species of Xylaria, was originally described by Linnaeus and is considered cosmopolitan. However, inconsistent rDNA sequences and morphoanatomical differences indicated a species complex. European populations of X. hypoxylon showed consistent rDNA data, while North American samples matched them. Some non-European strains, however, were identified as X. longiana.
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